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A-Z of the lubricant - Pana Engine Oil
It is necessary to note that the use of various lubricants is determined by the manufacturers of vehicles as well as some producers of these chemical products. It is recommended to consult the above mentioned companies in order to choose the most suitable product.
Types of lubricants
First of all, you need to know that lubrication is a method in which the friction and abrasion of movable surfaces are substantially decreased. In other words, the lubricant is a substance that is used to reduce the friction of surfaces.
It should be noted that the lubricant, in short terms, facilitates the movement of the surfaces and increases the performance of the engine. Lubricants are of various types as follows:
- Gaseous lubricants: Helium, air, liquid vapors
- Liquid lubricants: different types of oils such as synthetic, herbal and mineral oils, water or soapy water (applicable in light turning)
- Semi-solid lubricant: various types of greases
- Solid lubricant: graphite, disulfide, millennium etc.
Note: lubricants of oil and liquid forms must possess appropriate viscosity. In addition to expanding the life-span and performance of machinery, the use of lubricants significantly reduces the maintenance and service cost of the car components.
Methods of lubrication:
Lubrication is performed by various methods as bellow:
- Full-film lubrication
This method is subdivided into two types as following:
- Hydrodynamic lubrication
- Elastohydrodynamic lubrication
- Boundary lubrication
In this method, a thin layer of lubricant is present between surfaces but, the two surfaces are still in contact.
- Mixed film lubrication
Although a lubricating layer is present between surfaces in this method, the roughness of the surfaces are still in contact with each other.
The additives of the lubricants:
- Rusting inhibitors
- Corrosion inhibitors
- Anti-foaming agents
- Detergents
- Viscosity and concentration improvers
- Anti-oxidants
- Friction improvers
Functions of the lubricant:
Because the performance of the lubricants depends on the working condition of the machinery and type of the product, the lubricants have functions some of them being as below:
- Reduction of power and potential necessary for initiation of surface sliding
- Protection of surfaces from rusting and corrosion
- Fixing the waste and preventing waste sediments
- Increasing the power and efficiency of the engine
- Sparing fuel consumption
- Quick and thorough washing of the components
- Preventing sludge sediments in industrial oils
- Reducing fixed and movable component friction and thus reducing abrasion etc.
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Adsorption and transfer of heat and power, and cooling the engine
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Neutralizing effects of strike on engine components etc.
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Sealing
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Preventing sludge sediments in industrial oils
Thermal properties of the lubricant:
- Specific heat:
The specific heat varies according to the temperature and increases in some cases such as increasing in the polarity of the hydrogen bonds.
- Thermal conductivity:
Thermal conductivity of these products also varies with the temperature. This feature is variable often in mineral and synthetic base oils.
Thermal diffusivity
Important points around the lubricant:
One extremely important factor in choosing a suitable lubricant is the thermal properties of the product which may lead to poor performance of the product at low and high temperatures if overlooked.
Sometimes, lubricants fail to perform properly which may cause severe damages to the machinery. Important point is that these products show specific features in different temperatures.
The most important thermal properties of the lubricants are as follows:
- Pour point
- Cloud point
- Flash point
- Dropping point
- Ignition point
- Aniline point
Note: It is necessary to note that the use of various lubricants is determined by the manufacturers of vehicles as well as some producers of these chemical products. It is recommended to consult the above mentioned companies in order to choose the most suitable product.
If you are interested in purchasing the highest quality lubricants, please refer to the Pardis engine oil company and take the advantage of our excellent products. As a well-certified and well-recorded company, the Pardis Co. has been successful in putting the quality and customer satisfaction on top of its priority list and attracting trust of its customers.
